Coordinated Control of Electric Vehicles and PV Resources in an Unbalanced Power Distribution System

Improving air quality, reducing greenhouse gas emissions, and achieving independence from fossil fuels have led most countries towards deploying solar photovoltaics (PV) in the power distribution grid electrifying transportation fleet. Internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles are, particular, one of main culprits injecting emissions into atmosphere, making electric (EVs) an important tool combating climate change. Despite their considerable environmental economic benefits, integration PVs EVs can introduce unique operational challenges for grid. If not coordinated, high penetration result variety quality issues, such as instances overvoltage undervoltage, frequency fluctuations, and/or increased losses. This paper proposes a mixed-integer multi-objective nonlinear optimization model optimal energy dispatch with PV EV resources. The proposed here is extension traditional voltage var (VVO) comprehensive coordinated control voltage, active power, reactive power. A modified version IEEE 123-bus test system used to demonstrate effectiveness solution.